Herbaceous production is central to the function and structure of rangelands and the ecosystem services they provide. Tree encroachment of rangelands significantly reduces herbaceous production as trees out-compete grasses and forbs for limited resources. This lost production has cascading impacts on food and fiber provisioning, habitat quality, water storage, and biodiversity for endemic rangeland species.
These reports build upon recent advances in remote sensing and vegetation modeling to provide state- and county-level estimates for rangeland production lost to tree encroachment. Use the interactive map below to navigate to any of the 17 states and 1,062 counties for which we have data. Learn more about the science and analysis behind these reports in the Supporting Information section, below.
Reports updated November 10, 2023. See the changelog for details.
The plots below show herbaceous production lost to tree cover expansion on an annual (left) and cumulative (right) basis for years 1990- 2022. The annual plot displays the same information as the map above. Rangeland production may increase when tree cover has declined due to disturbance or management.
Rangeland production in 2022 | 300,058,705 tons |
Rangeland production losses in 2022 | 13,562,136 tons (4.32%) |
Cumulative rangeland production losses since 1990 | 370,441,789 tons |
Tree cover in 2022 | 42,035,145 acres |
Tree cover change since 1990 | +13,213,788 acres |
Tree cover percent in 2022 | 6.2% |
Report generated on 2023-11-10.